Also known as: Tree fox, grayback, common gray fox
Gray foxes resemble red foxes in build but have grayish coloration, a black-tipped tail that is triangular in cross-section, coarser fur, and dark brown eyes. They are slightly smaller than red foxes and more likely to be seen in the southern half of the state. Total length ranges from 31.25 to 44 inches, with a 5 to 15.5 pound weight range.
Habitat & Range
Gray foxes inhabit wooded areas and fairly open brushland, showing a preference for mature forest at night and young dense forest stands during the day. They occur statewide but are most common in the Ozarks of southern Missouri, and are known for readily climbing trees.
Life History
Rabbits, rats, and mice form the bulk of the diet, supplemented by other small mammals, wild birds, insects, and plant material including fruits foraged while in trees. Mating occurs January through May peaking from February through the first week of March, with litters of 3 to 5 pups born March to mid-May. They are chiefly nocturnal but often seen by day, and are known for climbing trees using front feet to grasp trunks and hind feet to push upward.
Status, Trends & Threats
Gray foxes are listed as common in Missouri, and their population has remained more stable compared to the red fox, which has declined over the last thirty years. They cause little economic loss since they take far less livestock and poultry than red foxes, and their fur is coarser and used primarily for trimming. They help control rodent populations.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can gray foxes be hunted in Missouri?
Yes, gray foxes may be hunted and trapped during the established furbearer season in Missouri. They are managed as a furbearer species and are common in the state, particularly in the Ozarks.
What is the difference between gray foxes and red foxes for hunting?
Gray foxes are slightly smaller than red foxes, have coarser fur that is less valued for trimming, and are more likely to be seen in the southern half of Missouri. They are also more stable in population compared to red foxes, which have declined over the last thirty years.
Are gray foxes good climbers?
Yes, gray foxes are known for readily climbing trees. They use their front feet to grasp trunks and hind feet to push upward, and use trees for sunning, foraging, and refuge from predators like dogs. This is a distinctive behavior that sets them apart from red foxes.
